How this calculator works
Volume is area × depth, plus an allowance for compaction and waste. Because quarries price gravel by the ton, the cubic yards are multiplied by the material’s density.
Volume (yd³) = Length × Width × Depth(in)/12 × (1 + Extra%/100) ÷ 27
Tons = Cubic yards × Density (tons per yd³)
Assumptions and tips
- Density varies by stone type, size and moisture. Use the figure on your supplier’s quote when you have it.
- Driveways are usually built in layers: larger base stone first, finer stone on top. Calculate each layer separately.
Worked example
Using the default values in the calculator above:
| Input | Value |
|---|---|
| Length | 50 ft |
| Width | 10 ft |
| Depth | 4 in |
| Gravel density | 1.4 tons/yd³ |
| Compaction and waste | 10 % |
| Price per 0.5 cu ft bag (optional) | $0 |
| Bulk price (optional) | 0 $/ton |
| Bulk delivery fee | $0 |
| Result | Value |
|---|---|
| Gravel needed | 6.79 cubic yards |
| Weight | 9.51 tons |
| Volume | 183.3 cubic feet |
| 0.5 cu ft bags (small jobs) | 367 bags |
| Area | 500 sq ft |
Step by step:
- Volume = 50 × 10 × 4/12 × 1.1 = 183.33 cu ft
- Cubic yards = 183.33 ÷ 27 = 6.79
- Tons = 6.79 × 1.4 = 9.51
Gravel for common jobs
1.4 tons per yd³, 10% compaction allowance.
| Job | Gravel needed | Weight |
|---|---|---|
| Path 3 × 30 ft, 3 in | 0.92 cubic yards | 1.28 tons |
| Patio base 12 × 12 ft, 4 in | 1.96 cubic yards | 2.74 tons |
| Driveway 10 × 50 ft, 4 in | 6.79 cubic yards | 9.51 tons |
| Driveway 12 × 100 ft, 6 in | 24.44 cubic yards | 34.22 tons |
Common mistakes to avoid
- Ordering by cubic yards when the quarry quotes by the ton (or the reverse).
- No allowance for compaction on crusher run.
Frequently asked questions
How much does a cubic yard of gravel weigh?
Commonly about 1.3–1.5 tons, depending on the stone and moisture.
How deep should driveway gravel be?
New gravel driveways are often built 4–8 in deep in layers; a refresh top layer may be 2–3 in.